In nature, three groups of microorganisms cause microbial induced calcite precipitation (MICP), and biocementation takes place as a useful byproduct in them:
(1) : Photosynthetic microorganisms such as cyanobacteria and algae that carry out photosynthesis in water and can stabilize CO2.
(2) : Sulfate-reducing microorganisms responsible for the multistage dissimilatory reduction of sulfates.
(3) : Organisms that play a part in the nitrogen cycle through ammonification of amino acids/ reduction of nitrates/ hydrolysis of urea.